Noma-assisted wireless-fed antenna system reduces power for multi-user networks
NOMA-Assisted Multi-User Hybrid Wireless-Fed Pinching-Antenna Systems
Information Theory
Summary
Wireless networks need ways to serve many users efficiently without using too much power. The authors studied a system where a base station sends signals to one user directly while also feeding a relay that helps serve two more users using a special antenna. By smartly adjusting power and antenna positions, the system uses less energy than other common methods while meeting quality targets. They tested their design in many scenarios and showed it consistently saves power, especially over longer distances or when interference is stronger.
What this means in practice
- •For wireless network engineers: Design low-power base station and relay setups for multi-user 28 GHz networks using pinching antennas and NOMA to improve energy efficiency.
- •For telecom infrastructure planners: Develop network architectures with full-duplex relays and configurable antenna positions to reduce power use while maintaining service quality in dense urban scenarios.
Authors
Hui Yang, Peng Zhu, Ming Zeng, Ebrahim Bedeer, Saeid Pakravan, Yulei Wang
Abstract
This paper investigates a non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA)-assisted multi-user wireless-fed pinching-antenna system (Wi-PASS). A multi-antenna base station (BS) simultaneously serves one direct user and wirelessly feeds a full-duplex amplify-and-forward relay equipped with a directional horn receiver. The relay injects the NOMA waveform into a dielectric waveguide, and one position-adjustable pinching antenna serves two additional users. Under maximum-gain zero-forcing transmission, ideal successive interference cancellation, and an additive residual self-interference model, we minimize the total consumed power by jointly optimizing the BS powers, relay amplification factor, NOMA power coefficients, decoding order, and pinching-antenna position. For a fixed position and decoding order, a variable transformation reduces the resource-allocation problem to a strictly convex scalar problem and yields a closed-form global solution. The position-dependent decoding order partitions the waveguide into finitely many intervals, and the derivative of the optimized power is governed by a quadratic polynomial on each interval. Hence, the globally optimal position is found by evaluating a small finite candidate set. Simulations at 28~GHz over 1000 random user topologies show that the proposed architecture consistently requires the lowest consumed power among direct-transmission, array-fed, no-PASS, and equal-time orthogonal multiple-access (OMA) benchmarks. At target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios of 20, 25, and 30~dB, it reduces the average power by 19.2%, 21.1%, and 21.7%, respectively, relative to equal-time OMA, while preserving its advantage as the BS-relay distance and residual SI increase.