PhysBrain powers vision language models to predict physical actions and futures
PhysBrain 1.5: From Vision-Language Models to Physical Foundation Models
Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionRobotics
Summary
Understanding and predicting actions in physical spaces is hard for AI because it needs to see, act, and imagine what comes next. PhysBrain 1.5 combines vision and language abilities to learn from videos where humans interact with their environment. It then uses this learning to guess motions, make decisions, and foresee what will happen next in a scene. The model matches or beats top private systems on many tests and can also generate detailed future images and robot movements.
What this means in practice
- •For robotics engineers: Create robots that understand complex tasks by learning from videos of human interactions to predict motions and future states.
- •For augmented reality developers: Improve scenario predictions and interactions by generating future visual scenes aligned with real-world contexts.
Authors
DeepCybo Team, Yu Bin, Haipeng Cao, Zheng Chang, Kai Chen, Youning Chen, Kailin Deng, Yichao Du, Xiaotong Fu, Haoyang Ge, Yunlong Guo, Chenliu Hao, Jiyan He, Xuguo He, Yakun Hou, Kai Hu, Cong Huang, Tuopusen Huang, Yu Huang, Hong Li, Peize Li, Shijie Lian, Xiaopeng Lin, Yun Lin, Haibao Liu, Haochen Liu, Qiuzhi Liu, Shengcai Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Tao Luo, Peng Ren, Shuo Ren, Chaoyi Ruan, Zhaolong Shen, Yukun Shi, Qiyuan Su, Yuxuan Tian, Yining Wang, Changti Wu, Hao Wu, Xueyin Xu, Ruoqi Yang, Zhaoyang Yang, Hang Yuan, Zhaoyang Zeng, Hanwen Zhang, Ruimeng Zhang, Yao Zhang, Yibo Zhang, Yuxiang Zhang, Zhirui Zhang, Ziyi Zhang, Zubin Zheng, Zishen Zhuang
Abstract
We present PhysBrain 1.5, a unified model for understanding physical environments, generating actions, and predicting future states. Motivated by the physical loop of observation, interaction, and environmental change, we bring these capabilities into a common learning framework. Starting from a general vision--language model, we encode language responses, end-effector motion, and dense visual targets as discrete sequences and jointly optimize them with autoregressive next-token prediction. Pre-training draws its embodied supervision entirely from human interaction videos, using task-centered episodes to pair semantic and spatial context with recovered motion and subsequent observations. We then adapt the model through supervised fine-tuning on a mixture of human demonstrations, robot trajectories, and simulated experience. Across 28 embodied understanding benchmarks, our 8B model achieves an average score of 72.5, setting a new open-source state of the art and performing on par with leading proprietary models such as GPT-6-Astra and Gemini 3.6 Flash. It achieves the best open-source results on 14 benchmarks while retaining general multimodal capabilities. Beyond these understanding evaluations, qualitative examples show the model's ability to produce end-effector trajectories and predict future scenes through spatially aligned RGB, depth, and robot-mask outputs.