Papers for

virtual assistant developers

Papers whose findings have a practical use for this group, as judged from the abstract. Open a paper to read what it means in practice.

Post-training enables fine-grained natural language control of speech emotion and timing

Post-Training Zero-Shot TTS for Fine-Grained Emotion and Duration Control via Natural Language

Abstract: Audiobook narration, conversational agents, and audiovisual dubbing require speech that conveys changing emotions and adapts its pacing within a single utterance. But most existing TTS systems typically rely on utterance-level style conditioning, making such fine-grained control difficult to achieve. In light of this, and inspired by the success of post-training in large language models, we propose a unified post-training framework that equips pretrained text-to-speech models with natural-language control over segment-level emotion and duration. Supervised fine-tuning establishes instruction-conditioned speech generation, while reinforcement learning with group relative policy optimization refines control accuracy using emotion and duration rewards alongside content and speaker preservation objectives. By reusing the pretrained architecture, our approach avoids additional inference-time control modules. Experiments demonstrate significantly improved fine-grained controllability while maintaining speech intelligibility and speaker identity, highlighting post-training as a practical approach to extending existing speech synthesis models.

Thu 10 SeptSound
The gist
Many text-to-speech systems can talk but have trouble making their voice change emotions or speaking speed in small parts of a sentence. This paper shows how to improve existing speech models by teaching them after they are built, so they can understand simple instructions about feeling and pace for different segments of speech. The researchers fine-tune these models using new techniques to make the changes accurate while keeping the person’s voice and words clear. This method does not need extra parts during speaking, making it easier to use.
Open 2609.11523v1

ROAM improves memory management accuracy in AI language agents

ROAM: Robust Organization of Atomic Memories for Agents through Semantic Relations

Abstract: Long-term language-model agents rely on external memory across interactions. Atomic memories are particularly useful: their fine-grained semantic boundaries enable precise retrieval and direct comparison between observations. Yet accumulating atoms inevitably become redundant, overlapping, or conflicting. Existing methods often ask an LLM manager to add, update, delete, or rewrite memories directly, coupling semantic interpretation, storage decisions, and content generation in one error-prone operation. We introduce ROAM, a relation-guided framework that uses atomicity for management while allowing richer answer-time representations. ROAM classifies incoming--stored atom pairs as independent, equivalent, directionally subsuming, or conflicting, then organizes observations into active Primary and supporting Evidence roles. Fusion subsequently combines complementary details and temporal changes into compact, potentially non-atomic views. Only Primary views are retrieved for answering, preventing redundant or outdated atoms from competing independently. Across models and evaluation settings, ROAM improves answer accuracy by up to 29.8 percentage points. Ablations show complementary benefits from different relations and consistent gains from fusion beyond role organization. Mechanism analysis further finds 15.6-point higher answer-critical source recall and an 11.5-point lower confounder-token share. ROAM remains robust across manager scales.

Wed 9 SeptComputation and Language
The gist
Language AI agents need to remember information over time, but keeping lots of small memory pieces can cause confusion or overlap. The authors created ROAM, a method that organizes these small memory pieces by understanding their relationships—such as whether one piece overlaps or conflicts with another. ROAM also combines related memories into main and supporting groups, helping the AI find the best information when answering questions. This approach makes the AI’s answers more accurate and avoids redundant or outdated information.
Open 2609.09778v1

SocialRL improves multi-turn dialogue for smarter AI conversations

SocialRL: Refining LLMs' Social Intelligence through Multi-turn Reinforcement Learning and Reward Design

Abstract: Social intelligence enables agents to read social context, infer intent, and adapt over sustained dialogue. As language models become autonomous collaborators, it is central to building effective and trustworthy human-AI interaction. Existing reinforcement learning methods optimize single-turn utterances and sparse outcome rewards, producing short-sighted policies that struggle to manage goal-relationship tensions across multi-turn interactions. We propose SocialRL, a multi-turn reinforcement learning framework addressing both challenges. First, we apply multi-turn reinforcement learning using PPO that propagates delayed outcome rewards back to each turn, enabling long-horizon planning. Second, we design six process reward dimensions capturing the goal-relationship trade-off, including goal advancement, relational attunement, contextual coherence, etc. A reward model dynamically generates fine-grained scoring criteria for each dimension, while a stage-aware weight schedule prioritizes relationship-building in early turns, goal advancement mid-way, and balanced closure late. Across multiple social-dialogue benchmarks, SocialRL improves Goal Achievement by an average of 9.2 percentage points over the corresponding Base models. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of SocialRL across synthetic and real social scenes, as well as standard and challenging social scenarios.

Wed 9 SeptComputation and Language
The gist
Having a good conversation with AI means understanding both the goal and the relationship between people in the talk. The authors found that current AI chat methods only focus on one message at a time, which misses the bigger picture over many turns. They created SocialRL, which teaches AI to think about the whole conversation, balancing getting things done with being friendly and clear. Their approach improved AI’s success in several social chat tests by about 9%.
Open 2609.09764v1

Scene aware memory design improves personalized AI agent recall

CreaMem: A Scene-Aware Memory Architecture for Personalized Agents

Abstract: Long-term memory is a core capability for personalized LLM agents. To support it, existing memory systems organize information using various criteria such as topic segments or summary hierarchies. However, we identify two major limitations in these designs. First, they lack scene awareness: memories from unrelated life scenes share the same retrieval space, which inflates the search space and introduces cross-scene interference. Second, they encode each memory from a single perspective, making it difficult to retrieve complementary views of the same event. In this paper, we propose the CreaMem architecture, which enables scene-aware memory organization by partitioning memory into several Life Scene Memories to reduce cross-scene interference at retrieval. To go beyond the single perspective and achieve cross-memory synergy, entries are dual-coded from both episodic and trait-based perspectives within each memory. We further devise a permemory balanced sampling strategy at retrieval time. Extensive experiments on two long-term memory benchmarks show that CreaMem improves QA accuracy across all evaluation metrics, with particularly large gains on multi-hop reasoning performance, validating scene-aware partitioning and cross-memory synergy. To enhance reproducibility, we release our code in a public GitHub repository.

Tue 8 SeptComputation and Language
The gist
Personalized AI assistants need to remember what they learn over time, but current memory systems mix up memories from different situations and only remember one perspective at a time. The authors created a memory design called CreaMem that sorts memories by different life scenes and remembers both what happened and personality traits about them. This helps the AI recall information more accurately, especially when it needs to connect multiple facts. Their tests showed CreaMem makes AI agents better at answering complicated questions.
Open 2609.08550v1