Papers for

telecommunication product teams

Papers whose findings have a practical use for this group, as judged from the abstract. Open a paper to read what it means in practice.

Full duplex speech models avoid false starts with causal checks

Causal Analysis and Mitigation of Spurious Onsets in Full-Duplex Speech LLMs

Abstract: Speech-to-speech LLMs like Moshi, and its derivative PersonaPlex, can listen and speak concurrently through full-duplex generation. However, they can begin speaking inappropriately during prolonged user silence: under digital-zero input, Moshi and PersonaPlex initiate speech in 12/40 and 11/40 five-minute continuations, respectively. What causes this spurious speech? We investigate two hypotheses: either repeated sampling selects speech despite persistently low onset probabilities, or conditioning on the model's nonspeech outputs causes an abrupt spike in onset probability. We find that, at every observed onset, speech probability spikes by over nine orders of magnitude in one 80-ms frame, supporting the latter hypothesis. Then, to suppress these onsets without blocking genuine responses, we ask a causal counterfactual question: is the model responding to user speech, or would its next-token distribution remain similar if the preceding user input were muted? Accordingly, we suppress onsets whose distributions change little under this intervention. Across 40 held-out trials per model with realistic microphone noise, our method suppresses 13/13 Moshi and 9/9 PersonaPlex spurious onsets, while preserving 40/40 genuine responses per model. Our inference-time method requires no retraining and runs in real-time, with 95th-percentile decision time below 61 ms, within the 80-ms frame budget. Our code is available at https://github.com/KentoNishi/icassp27-spurious-onsets.

Fri 11 SeptComputation and Language
The gist
Sometimes, speech-to-speech language models start talking at the wrong time when there's silence, which is confusing. The authors found that this problem happens because the model suddenly thinks it should speak, even without real input. They created a way to check if the model’s next words really depend on what it just heard, and if not, they stop the model from speaking wrongly. This method works well without retraining and happens fast enough to keep conversations smooth.
Open → 2609.13445v1