Papers for

string processing engineers

Papers whose findings have a practical use for this group, as judged from the abstract. Open a paper to read what it means in practice.

Quantum query methods find faster solutions on smoothed data sets

Quantum Query Complexity Beyond the Worst Case

Abstract: Smoothed analysis is a central framework in classical algorithms for explaining the performance of algorithms beyond the worst case, often explaining why algorithms perform well in practice. We initiate a systematic study of its quantum counterpart and show the following results. $(1)$ We show that there is a total function whose smoothed quantum query complexity is exponentially smaller than its classical query complexity. $(2)$ We give near-tight characterizations of smoothed randomized and quantum query complexities for symmetric Boolean functions, unifying the worst-case complexity results of [Beals et al, FOCS'98] and average-case complexity results of [Ambainis and de Wolf, STACS'00]. $(3)$ We study string problems such as pattern matching and edit distance and, in various regimes, give polynomial to superpolynomial quantum speedups. Our main technical ingredients include a near-tight quantum algorithm for $\varepsilon$-approximating the number of collisions between two non-repetitive strings, improving the result of Le Gall and Ng [QIC'22]. Together, our results show that smoothing can reveal larger quantum speedups than worst-case analysis suggests, opening a path towards quantum advantage on more realistic inputs.

Mon 28 SeptComputational Complexity
The gist
Usually, computers do differently on tricky problems depending on the worst possible case. This paper studies how quantum computers perform when problems are a bit easier or 'smoothed' rather than at their hardest cases. The authors show that quantum computers can be much faster in these more realistic settings, sometimes exponentially so compared to classical computers. They also analyze how this applies to common problems like pattern matching and edit distance, important in areas such as text and DNA analysis. Their work hints that quantum advantage might be stronger when problems come from practical situations rather than worst-case examples.
Open → 2609.35580v1