From Artifacts to Coordination: Exploring How Shared Canvases Drive Collaboration during Group Ideation
Abstract: Recent years have seen a surge in tools that support collaborative ideation through shared canvases. While these canvases offer flexible workspaces, how collaborators leverage them to iteratively develop ideas by externalizing thoughts, organizing artifacts, and coordinating tasks remains underexplored. To address this gap, we conducted an exploratory study with seven triads planning a travel itinerary using an infinite-canvas technology probe. Drawing on participant interviews and video analysis of their canvas interactions, we observed that collaborators contributed in parallel and arranged artifacts freely without a predefined structure. This spatial organization allowed collaborators to coordinate implicitly, made less vocal participants' contributions visible, helped distinguish private exploratory regions from shared working areas, and supported the emergence of distinct roles through repeated patterns of contribution. We discuss design implications for canvas-based ideation tools, including surfacing unnoticed contributions, supporting emergent roles without formalizing assignments, and keeping spatial cues legible for AI integration in collaborative canvases.