Papers for

call center automation teams

Papers whose findings have a practical use for this group, as judged from the abstract. Open a paper to read what it means in practice.

Eloquence improves multilingual audio quiz answering accuracy

The Eloquence submission for Task 2 of the Interspeech 2026 MLC-SLM challenge

Abstract: This paper details the Eloquence team's approach to Task 2 of the 2nd MLC-SLM challenge at Interspeech 2026, which involves multilingual Multiple-Choice Question Answering (MCQA) across 21 languages. Three approaches are explored. First, we fine-tune Voxtral-Mini-3B via LoRA with cross-lingual data augmentation, ASR transcript augmentation and timestamp-aware audio cropping, achieving 0.72 macro-accuracy on evaluation Phase 2. Second, we apply multimodal in-context learning (ICL) to the frozen Voxtral-24B model to correct a strong label bias, reaching 0.81, our best result. Third, a training-free retrieval system based on a three-layer voice-anchored memory combining acoustic identity, semantic content, and a knowledge graph achieves 0.68. All three systems substantially outperform the official baseline.

Thu 10 SeptComputation and Language
The gist
Answering multiple-choice questions from audio in many languages is hard because of differences in speech and text. The Eloquence team tried three ways to solve this: changing a smaller model with added language variation and audio tweaks, using a big fixed model to fix mistakes by looking at examples, and a system that remembers sounds, meanings, and facts without training. Their best method reached 81% accuracy, beating the existing baseline by a lot.
Open 2609.11724v1

Segment evidence aware system improves multilingual speech question accuracy

SEAR: Segment-Evidence-Aware Routing for Weak-to-Strong Multilingual Speech MCQ

Abstract: This paper describes our system for Task~2 of the second Multilingual Conversational Speech Language Model (MLC-SLM) Challenge. We adapt Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B-Instruct with a segment-evidence-aware data and post-training pipeline. A language model converts timestamped ASR into coherent event spans, which are expanded by a boundary margin and cropped from the original recording. We then synthesize complementary semantic MCQs with Qwen3.6-27B and acoustic MCQs with Gemini~3.1 Flash-Lite, followed by structural, grounding, answer-consistency, and target-model trainability checks, yielding 359,825 verified MCQs across 21 language and accent variants. A text-only probe partitions the data into weak, text-answerable items used for supervised fine-tuning and strong, audio-dependent items used for reinforcement learning with Group Sequence Policy Optimization (GSPO), stabilized by debiased advantages, sequence-level importance correction, and dynamic filtering. Our system obtains 90.92% accuracy on the final official evaluation set.

Thu 10 SeptComputation and LanguageSound
The gist
Understanding questions about conversations in many languages is difficult, especially when answers depend on audio details. The authors developed a system that breaks audio into meaningful parts and creates multiple-choice questions (MCQs) about both text and sound. They train their model first on easier text-based questions, then on harder audio-based ones, improving its ability to handle difficult audio tasks. This approach achieved nearly 91% accuracy on a multilingual speech test.
Open 2609.11355v1

Frozen gabor kernels improve speech recognition for many languages

Orukeet: Multilingual ASR with Frozen Gabor Kernels

Abstract: Orukeet replaces half of an adapted Parakeet encoder's temporal filters with 12,288 fitted Gabor kernels, freezes these replacements, and trains the remaining parameters on multilingual and multi-accent data. Final adaptation and checkpoint selection use LibriSpeech test-other. Across 20,146 FLEURS recordings in 25 languages, pooled word error rate (WER) falls from Parakeet's 11.01% to Orukeet's 9.85%, a 10.6% relative reduction. Orukeet has lower WER on 23 of the 25 languages. Orukeet outperforms Parakeet on 61 out of 74 tested splits, including LibriSpeech test-clean (1.46% vs. 1.53% WER), test-other (2.86% vs. 3.14%), and FLEURS English (3.82% vs. 4.28%). All comparisons decode the same audio with matched NeMo settings. The fitted kernels are stored as ordinary convolution weights, retaining Parakeet's architecture and inference operators.

Wed 9 SeptSoundMachine Learning
The gist
Speech recognition systems try to understand spoken words from audio recordings, but doing this well across many languages and accents is challenging. The authors replaced part of an existing speech recognition model with special filters called Gabor kernels, which they fixed so they wouldn’t change during training. This approach helped the system understand speech better in 25 languages and multiple accents, reducing error rates consistently. Their improved model works within the same overall system, so it can be used just like before but with better accuracy.
Open 2609.10054v1

Full duplex speech data created from real conversations using reconstruction and expansion

ConversationalVoice: Full-Duplex Speech Data from Real Conversations through Source-Faithful Reconstruction and Conversation-Grounded Expansion

Abstract: Full-duplex speech models require training data that preserves turn-taking, overlap, interruption, and backchannel behavior, yet these signals are entangled across speakers in noisy real-world recordings. We present Conversational Voice, a pipeline that converts real two-speaker excerpts into three complementary training-data artifacts. (1) Separation recovers speaker-specific tracks with stable speaker assignments, a canonical transcript, and naturally observed interaction timing. (2) Reconstruction generates speech in matched voices from a fixed source transcript, reconstructs the source turn order, pauses, and overlaps, and adds word-level alignment and delivery instructions. (3) Expansion generates new dialogue constrained by the source context, speakers, and observed interaction pattern. Automatic speaker-verification metrics remain strong across stages, with same-speaker similarity of 0.983-0.991 and positive discrimination margins of 0.199-0.209. Predicted speech quality (NISQA MOS) is 3.56 for separation, 4.41 for reconstruction, and 4.61 for expansion. A Gemini-based automatic evaluator assigns expansion mean scores of 4.94/5 for contextual coherence and 4.80/5 for dialogue naturalness. Expansion and reconstruction exhibit broadly similar interaction profiles; expansion's turn, overlap-event, backchannel, and interruption rates are 4.6%, 8.0%, 13.2%, and 16.0% lower, respectively. We evaluate data properties only; downstream gains in full-duplex model training remain for future work.

Tue 8 SeptComputation and LanguageSound
The gist
Getting computers to handle conversations with natural features like overlapping speech and interruptions requires special training data. This paper introduces a method called ConversationalVoice that starts with recordings of real two-person conversations and creates cleaned-up, speaker-separated audio, rebuilt dialogue that keeps timing and speaker style, and new conversation examples that fit the original context. The authors show that their approach keeps the voices clear and natural sounding, and the generated conversations remain coherent and similar in interaction style. They focus on producing good training data and leave training full-duplex speech models for future work.
Open 2609.08147v1